Accelerated BSN Degree Specialize in Oncology Nursing with a Bachelor of Science 2019

Although cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, 50% of all diagnosed cases of cancer are cured successfully. Registered nurses play an integral part in the care and treatment of cancer patients and are also heavily involved in hospice and palliative care when necessary. Professionals who wish to specialize in oncology nursing, the care of patients who have been diagnosed with cancer, may participate in an accelerated BSN degree program to receive the appropriate training and qualifications necessary to enter the field. What Does an Oncology Nurse Do? Accelerated BSN degree graduates who choose to specialize in oncology nursing find employment in hospitals, medical clinics, and home health care. Caring for cancer patients may involve administering chemotherapy, treating uncomfortable symptoms with prescribed medications, and providing psychosocial support. The main goal of care in oncology nursing is to help the patient maintain strength and facilitate coping mechanisms for the physiological and psychological side effects of cancer. .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196:active, .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u4cdef32bbd44ec95c31c3f13a000f196:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Career Builder - A Master's Degree in Computer Science Required Education to Work as an Oncology Nurse Registered nurses may legally practice in the United States with a hospital diploma, associate degree, or bachelor degree in nursing. However, employers more often prefer to hire nurses who have completed an accelerated BSN degree or an RN to BSN program for positions that require specialized nursing knowledge. Completing an accelerated BSN degree equips nurses with the communication, leadership, and critical thinking skills that are increasingly necessary in todays health care environment. In response to the nursing industrys recent emphasis on advanced education, over 600 RN to BSN programs became available in 2004. Many of the BSN program nursing schools, such as Kaplan University, offer accelerated BSN degree programs that have been specifically designed for working registered nurses. For an extensive list of available bachelor of science in nursing programs, prospective students may visit College-Pages.com, the education and career resource website. .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f:active, .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u76d3b81b7afdccd60102773c8919951f:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Getting Started With a Career in BusinessRelated ArticlesOnline Nursing Schools Learn How to Offer Hope through Hospice Palliative Care NursingBachelor Degree in Nursing Science Assist Patients in Rehabilitation from Spinal Cord InjuryHealth Care Consulting A Growing DemandLPN to BSN Program Graduates Eligible to Practice as Gastroenterology NursesWant To Work As A Health Care ProviderCareers in Health Care Management

Essay about slaverybel Impact of Slavery in Toni...

Impact of Slavery on the Individual Exposed in Beloved In her novel, Beloved, Toni Morrison conveys her strong feelings about slavery. One of the major themes throughout the book is the impact that slavery has on the individual. Morrison utilizes the characters Mr. Garner and Schoolteacher to illustrate how slavery affects everyone in a different way. Though Morrison portrays Mr. Garner as the more humane master, in actuality he is no different then Schoolteacher, because ultimately they are both slave owners. Morrison includes the character, Mr. Garner, to show that even if you allow your slaves to do certain activities, you are still a displeasing human being because you are a slave owner. Garner allowed†¦show more content†¦Schoolteacher believed it was his job to enforce order among these spoiled slaves and treat them how he felt slaves should be treated. The only way he concluded that this could be done was through violence and blatant disrespect. The character, Paul D., worked as a slave under both Mr. Garner and Schoolteacher, and although they treated him differently, the final outcome was the same. Paul D. acknowledged that Garner called his slaves men, but only on Sweet Home, and by his leave ( Morrison, 220). Paul D. did not need some white master telling him who was a man or not, he knew for himself. But as soon as Schoolteacher came , any confidence Paul D. had, vanished. Paul D. came to believe he was worthless due to his captivity, as described in a scene about a rooster called Mister. Paul D. replayed that scene for Sethe, saying, Mister, he looked so...free. Better than me. Stronger, tougher....Mister was allowed to be and stay what he was. But I wasnt allowed to be and stay what I was...no way Id ever be Paul D. again...Schoolteacher changed me. I was something else...less than a chicken (Morrison, 72). Paul D. said it himself, slavery changed him into something lower then an animal, and he would never be the same again. Paul D. knew he was a slave under Garner, but it took the actions of Schoolteacher for him to realize how bad of a person

Natucket Nectars flyin’ high Free Essays

I. Identify/Define the Key Issues/Situation Analysis A. Key issues that will impact the focal firm’s ability to survive, thrive and grow. We will write a custom essay sample on Natucket Nectars flyin’ high or any similar topic only for you Order Now First Nantucket Nectar has to decide on a strategy on how to achieve increased growth in future. This may include an IPO, being bought by one of the big players in the beverage market or growing organically. Independently on how they achieve this goal, it is most important that they preserve the current spirit of the company. This includes both the inner structures and also the external image of the company. Internally they have to keep up the entrepreneurial spirit, like the nonhierarchical structures, the non-formal dress code and other factors which make Nantucket Nectars a place where â€Å"work is still fun†. On the other side they have to maintain their image of being an independent company which only produces products with the highest quality and not willing to compromise that at any cost. Especially in the case of being sold to a big company, they have to make sure that they are not associated with the buyer but are still seen as the small independent â€Å"good-guy† company. Finally, as the founders have a long term interest in the company, they have to find a way of keeping control of the company, so they should not give away too many of their shares in order to earn a lot now. B. Critical Success Factors (then now) Their greatest success factor is primarily their great tasting, all natural, high quality product. This product enabled them to get a great and very committed customer base and build up a brand. The current trend of people favoring healthy and natural beverages additionally helps them to grow successfully. Their entrepreneurial spirited and highly motivated team helps them to quickly react to new trends in a constantly evolving market and even with a small marketing budget they showed that they are able to establish their products successfully on the market, mostly using highly creative and alternative marketing tools. Additionally, the story they can build up their  marketing on is much more appealing than that of any of the brands introduced by big companies. While still suffering from low margins, cost will be reduced with greater volumes and more experience in the market. II. Mobilize Strategic Options A. Keep the company and grow organically 1. This approach allows the founders to retain control over the company and be able to leverage at best on the image and story developed through the years. They would also be able to secure the job for all the employees who were fundamental in the growth of the firm. This strategy wouldn’t prevent the founders to sell the company in the future, after further increasing its valuation. 2. Refusing to sell shares would mean turning down fast growth opportunities and it would be difficult to access the multi-serve distribution, which offers the highest growth possibilities. Furthermore they would not be able to decrease their cost structure, exposing them to the risk of being taken down on price competition by large firms. Finally, there is no certainty that the valuation of the company will increase in the future and an opportunity of selling on these favourable condition may not happen again. B. Go public and do an IPO 1. This strategy would represent a fast way of gaining money to invest for growth while at the same time keeping a reasonable degree of control over the company by having a large number of shareholders with few shares. The further growth of the company would permit Azzarello – Chang – Chemali – Pallua Entrepreneurial Management Case 11 – Nantucket EoS, thus driving down the costs. In addition, the New Age drinks industry’s favorable market conditions would help increase the valuation of the company on the stock market. 2. An IPO would obviously entail the risk of being  acquired by an undesired company. The process of contacting an investment bank and define valuation would be costly and timeconsuming. In addition, the short-term profits demanded by the investors would be in contrast with the long term orientation of the company. Finally, market conditions may change and this could be a source of stress for the founders and the employees. C. Sell the whole company or part of it to an established firm 1. There’s a big interest in the company at the moment, and this can initiate a bidding process that can further drive valuation up.   Many of the possible investors are highly attracted by the industry and, due to a strong need to complement their product portfolio with a New Age product some of them may bid high. Beside money and an improved cost structure, large companies could provide access to a broad distribution network, supermarkets and shelf-space as well as know-how. The founders and their associate still own large part of the company and can leverage on that to keep some control after selling. 2. The other side of the coin would be for the founders to lose substantial control over the company after the acquisition. There is also the risk of losing the culture that has characterized and differentiated the firm throughout the years, providing a main source of competitive advantage. In addition, the company could be acquired by a big company with low reputation and this could result in a bad image transfer. Finally, the highly valued employees might be affected by the outcomes of the acquisition. III. Recommendation To grow business without losing control and company culture, Nantucket should sell its shares to an established company, gaining resources for expansion as well securing their intangible asset. Getting momentum for growing Being a small company in growing and competitive industry, selling the company enables Nantucket to scale up their business by leveraging the expertise of bidder, including distribution capability, financial strength  and management. Compared to IPO, this approach allows Nantucket to receive resources for expansion as well as cash inflow. This strategy aligns with the vision of founders for long-term operation goal that would level up the business to a more sustainable level while keeping control of founders on the company. Start developing their own taskforce The bidding combines the mutual interests for bidders to penetrate the market and for Nantucket to grow in the market. Current situation creates a favorable buying condition and bargaining power for Nantucket which would minimize the loss of control so that Nantucket could still preserve their most important asset of business, the unique brand image and culture. With this good position, Nantucket should carefully choose bidders by to find the expertise that could be leveraged and match their strategic goal. Successful experience of Ben Jerry and Zappos The case of Ben Jerry acquired by Unilever and Zappos acquired by Amazon are two successful precedents of this strategy. After acquisition, these two companies were able to operate separately with bidders and secure their valuable intangible assets as well. Ben Jerry kept running by its social responsibility philosophy and Zappos continued to operate as an independent entity from Amazon, both preserve the intangible asset like brand image and company philosophy. Azzarello – Chang – Chemali – Pallua How to cite Natucket Nectars flyin’ high, Papers

Fagin in his mind Essay Example For Students

Fagin in his mind Essay Dickens immerses the reader into a dark atmosphere containing only evil, by using contrasting personalities and heinous crimes. In Fagin, Dickens attempts to portray a character who is resonant of terrifying wrongdoing. Fagins manipulation of Sikes is successful, as it shows both the nai vety of Sikes and the extraordinary self-control of Fagin. Sikess volatile reaction to the misinterpretation of events by Noah, suggests the unpredictability of Sikess character and his willingness to go to extremes, based even on a low amount of evidence. By concentrating on his irrational behaviour and his devastation at his actions, Dickens shows Sikes as the very insensitive character he is. Dickens begins the chapter by describing Fagin in terminology, that otherwise, wouldnt relate to human behaviour. By using words and phrases such as old lair, he bit his long black nails and fangs, Dickens is comparing the human and non-human activity of Fagin. He is described in such a way, that the image created, is comparable to a mysterious creature authors often use to represent evil. Dickens employs a technique where Fagin is shown as he is about to act like an animal, like when he uses the word crouching, as if to suggest Fagin is going to move in an unexpected way. The apparent rage of Fagin is effective at showing the life he lives, and the effects he thinks he has on others. The expression of the phrase mortification at the overthrow of his notable scheme demonstrates the undulating confusion Fagin has. His barrier to the outside world seems almost impenetrable. Dickens creates a volatile relationship between Fagin and Sikes by making an image of Fagin in his mind. The fact that Dickens uses phrases such as lips quivering so violently and by describing his expressions specifically as his face altered by emotions, shows us that Fagin is unsure of his actions and the way Sikes may react. His supposed knowledge of the outside worlds systems makes Sikes somewhat confused with Fagins personality, because he never usually ventures outside the life they have. Dickens then goes on to secretly show Fagin as wisely hiding his hatred for Sikes, who fails to see the value of restraint for contempt. He does this by playing Sikes character needlessly into the hands of Fagin. In pages 457 and 458, Fagin manipulates Sikess emotions by using a repetitive action: he suggests that many people such as Noah, Charley, Dodger and even Bet may have betrayed him. Fagins attitude suggests to Sikes, who is seen to be simple, that as the time goes on the evidence, although incorrect, is mounting. So then, when Sikes explosive reaction to the news that Nancy has betrayed him, it shows the reader his indeterminate nature and that he takes news from Fagin seriously and solely as the truth. Dickens use of Sikes as an immature character, who believes anything the elder will tell him, shows the audience who will be likely to control future events and whether or not there is a hierarchy in place. The use of moments such as when Sikes mentions that he would smash head as if a wagon had gone over it, to which Fagin replies You would? , seems to show that Fagin already knows this, but is playing Sikes along. And if that was the reason, it would make it obvious that Fagin is a malicious character who enjoys manipulating Sikes. Also it would further the evidence that Sikes is nai ve even to those who are close to him. In pages 457 to 459, Sikes is seen to be easily manipulated by Fagin, as the latter tries to make Sikes realise a false story constructed by Noah. Dickens describes Fagin as a man with devilish anticipation as if Fagin is extremely aware of his past actions and their consequences; but also the fact that the word anticipation denotes that Fagin is keen to see the outcome. Fagins role as the leader of the group creates a pecking order, so it is somewhat incredulous if a member, in this case Sikes, were not to believe the rank above them. .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .postImageUrl , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:hover , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:visited , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:active { border:0!important; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:active , .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8 .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uca25183eeadfe7a6337b1b0e60ad00d8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Comparison of Robert Frost's tree EssayDickens shows that Sikes knows this and makes the character acknowledge that he must no impede the control of Fagin. He makes Fagin use Noah as a witness to the events, and makes it as if Noah has seen the events so then they must be true. Dickens doesnt let Sikes speak during the revelation and so the audience is left wondering what is mulling over in Sikesmind. The instability of his character lets the reader; ironically, predict the future actions of Sikes. It also produces a response from the audience and helps them to forecast that Nancy may be in terrible danger.

Oranges and writers free essay sample

To give a reader the feeling of being in Florida, there are many different aspects of Florida culture that could be described. In some stories, writers have used orange agriculture to help give the reader the feeling of being in Florida. Oranges have been around Florida since the 1500s and are nearly synonymous with Florida culture. The feeling of being in Florida was created in A Land Remembered when the MacIvey family decided to begin growing oranges. The work of raising cattle was getting too difficult for Tobias MacIvey as he grew older. Oranges seemed to be an easy way to make some additional money. Being new to growing oranges, their efforts were not successful at first. Cattle were allowed to graze in the orange fields so their manure would fertilize the trees. Unfortunately, the cattle had a taste for orange leaves and would eat the lower branches. The obvious answer was taller trees. We will write a custom essay sample on Oranges and writers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the MacIvey’s had plenty of money, the cost of this initial mistake was no problem. The larger trees thrived. They would haul their crop to Fort Meyers and sell the oranges to the same gentleman that bought their cattle. Oranges were a very successful cash crop for the MacIveys until the first killing freeze during the winter of 1894-1895. That year the entire crop was lost and the family was concerned that the trees would die too. By the end of January, however, the weather had warmed and the trees began to bloom, to the great relief of the MacIvey family. Eventually, their entire land was covered with oranges. Oranges came to America from Southeast Asia (Tantillo). The California orange business first started with a man named William Wilfskill. He planted the first orange in Los Angeles in 1841 (Tantillo). Almost everyone in town laughed at him because they thought it was crazy (Tantillo). William Wilfskill sold oranges to gold rush miners and with the completion of t he transcontinental railroad, shipped them to St. Louis in 1877 (Tantillo). Because of what William Wilfskill did many pioneer families switched to shipping gift fruit (Tantillo). The first commercial orange grower in Florida started 13 years earlier than California when Douglas Dummitt sold his first crop in 1828 (Gouger). By 1859 he was selling 60,000 oranges per year. Oranges first came to Florida in the 1500’s when Ponce deLeon planted the first tree (Gouger). The orange tree thrived and by the late 1700’s the tree was seen growing along riverbanks by the explorer William Bartram (Gouger). When orange growing started in Florida only people that lived near the groves could buy the oranges (Helen). Soon, barges and steamboats were used to transport the oranges out of Florida an up the Atlantic coast. Because of the long trip, oranges were considered a luxury in New York. With the expansion of the railroad into Florida, oranges could be transported to New York in on ly a few days. Soon, the entire country was able to enjoy our delicious citrus fruit. Oranges thrive in semitropical regions such as Florida and subtropical regions such as California and the Mediterranean (Tantillo). The most common orange that is grown in Florida is a blood orange (Tantillo). It is called a blood orange because of the red juices that the oranges make. The blood orange is a hybrid between pomelo and the tangerine (Tantillo). Since there are not many machines that can pick oranges efficiently about 96% of all oranges are harvest by hand (McPhee). Oranges are normally picked from trees that are at least three years old, and the older the tree is the bigger the crop (Helen). The best fruit comes from trees over ten years old (Helen). About 80% of all the oranges that is produced in Florida are turned into orange juice. Brazil is the world leader in orange and total citrus production followed by the U.S. with Florida second by itself in orange production to Brazil (Tan tillo). Florida produces about 75% of the U.S. oranges and accounts for about 40% of the world’s orange juice (Tantillo). Texas and Arizona are the only other U.S. orange-producing states of note, besides California (Tantillo). Florida produces about three times the amount of oranges than California does (Tantillo). The history of orange agriculture in Florida is measured in freezes. The freeze of February 1835 was probably one of the worst freezes in Florida’s history. Oranges freeze at a temperature of 28 degrees Fahrenheit. The way that orange growers protect their tree is by spraying water over the oranges. Because water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit, the frozen water keeps the orange from freezing as long as they continue to be sprayed with water. Even though this method doesn’t always work it is still used to this day. Whenever a horrific freeze goes through Florida and kills most of the oranges, the price always increases, and may triple. This price wi ll stay high for the next three or four years until more oranges are mature enough to produce a large supply of oranges (McPhee). These freezes make for great drama in a novel. Every story always has a conflict. The Florida freezes are a classic man vs. nature conflict. This conflict is discussed by Marjorie Kinnan Rawling during one especially cold winter. She hired extra workers to pick fruit throughout the night to beat a freeze that was coming. Not all the fruit could be picked, so she set pine torches burning throughout the grove to keep the air a few degrees warmer. Sometimes she would succeed and save the fruit. Other years it was just too cold and the fruit was lost. The drama of this conflict is unique to Florida. The orange agriculture industry has always been associated with Florida. From an early age we learn that orange juice comes from Florida. We hear every winter about freezing weather possibly hurting the orange industry in Florida. This is why writers can easily c reate a feel of being in Florida by providing detailed descriptions of event related to orange agriculture. Oranges will always be in Florida’s culture. Works Cited Gouger, Amy. History of Florida Orange Trees | EHow.com. EHow | How To Do Just About Everything! | How To Videos Articles. 18 Sept. 2009. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. . Hill, Helen. Florida Citrus Absolutely Florida! Absolutely Florida Guide to Travel in the Sunshine State. 21 Mar. 2010. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. . McPhee, John. Oranges. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000. Print. Rawlings, Marjorie Kinnan. Cross Creek. New York: Simon Schuster, 1996. Print. Smith, Patrick D. A Land Remembered. Sarasota, Fla.: Pineapple, 2009. Print. Tantillo, Tony. Oranges. Tony Tantillo Farm Fresh. 24 Feb. 2000. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. . Townsend, Chet. The Story of Florida Orange Juice From the Grove to Your Glass. UltimateCitrus.com The Ultimate Citrus Page. 24 Apr. 2006. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. .

cavalry essays

cavalry essays Throughout time horses have played an important role in society. Since their first introduction, they have continued to prove that they are a valuable asset. The horse fulfilled this role durning the middle ages to almost a key, in both personal and state affiars. It was in state affairs during the middle ages that the Cavalry rose to become an important part of the battle stratagies of medieval commanders. The unit of choice went from Northren Europes intialy based infantry system into a largely dependent cavalary based system. During the cavalarys rain as quaterback of the medieval battlefield, it did not go through untouched, but took some setbacks from certian counter messures designed to combat cavalary . Despite these setbacks, the cavalary managed to maintian it's high level of importnace in medieval battle stratgy. The rise of the calavary in western Europe began for a number of a reasons that all happened around the same time. One of the most influintial of these events was the lose of the Franks to the Romans in 554 A.D. . This lose lead to an increase in the overall size of the average westren European cavalary . It was at this battle that the infantry based Franks faced a tough defeat at the hands of the Romans. The Romans of that day unlike their opponents had come to the battle field with a wide variety of tatical units at its disposal. The unit that proved to be the most effective of them all still was the cavalary, both that day in 554 A.D. and for many future days in European warfare . These horse and rider tandums of the Romans proved to be effective both as heavy cavalry, and mounted archers agianst the Frankish footmen. It was then after this deafeat during the sixth to ninth century that the number of cavalry units per solider in the Frankish military system began to inc rease. Not only were the Europeans at the time taking lessons from the Romans in the benifiets of a strong cavalry, ...

A Postmodern Paradox

A Postmodern Paradox Postmodernism, a paradox in itself, challenges conformity in countless ways. Taking place after World War II, this movement is mainly characterized by its rejection of social constructs and its challenges to traditional forms of philosophy, literature, art, and religious authority. Ironically, while it defied categorizing, it became a category itself. Nevertheless, this movement has had a profound impact on countless literary, cinematographic, art, and philosophic works. Two works that have been profoundly influenced by postmodernism includes Slaughterhouse 5 by Kurt Opponent, and the elm and book The Hours, by Michael Cunningham. While both works have been influenced by modernism in separate ways, they ultimately share its key themes: an abstraction of time, a rejection of reality, and a search for higher purpose. Through the use of postmodernism themes and literary techniques, both the movie and book were able to convey that absolute truth does not exist because it is relative, intricate, and blurred. Occurring in the post-World War II era, postmodernism can be considered an intentional departure from previously dominant modernist approaches such as scientific positivism, realism, constructivism, formalism, and tapestries. Through its emphasis and use of power relations, binary classifications, fragmentation, paradox, dark humor, rejection of reality, sociology, linguistics, and subjectivism it constantly attacks contemporary life, art, literature, philosophy, religion, and ethics. In addition, it is characterized by a rejection of reality, claiming that transmutable validity cannot exist since reality is limited by concepts like time and sexuality. It is able to achieve its unique goals in literature and film through numerous literary devices. In literature, there are several devices frequently used by southernism writers to convey some of the main ideas of the movement. Of these devices the use of fragmenting, dark humor, satire, paradox, allusions, mixed point of view and interruption of form are the most frequently used. These devices allow writers to deal with topics like the absurdity of moral, philosophical, political, and authoritative relativism; in addition, these devices provide for a blurring of classifications and boundaries of societal structuring. Ultimately, postmodernists desire to condemn contemporary life, reject reality, and accept relativity and complexity in indefinite answers. The movement of postmodernism came about through a series of meaner. An important factor that contributed to the development was that it followed World War II. Before the war, modernism dominated the current literature of the time. This movement involved rationalism, reason, the scientific approach, optimism for human potential, and a pursuit of absolutely certain knowledge. However, in the wake of both World Wars, the climate was set for postmodernism as confidence in human progress, autonomy, and optimism were destroyed in battle. This permeating and predominantly pessimistic aura of thinking exulted in a series of books, films, artworks, and musical pieces that rejected reality, worldly concepts like time, renounced identity, and questioned the purpose of life. These themes clearly reflect the toll that war had on society; many people desired to marginality the horrors of war in a rejected reality, ostracize human error through a pitiful purpose of existence through fragmented viewpoints. The wars essentially brought about a pessimistic form of modernism that relished in the repudiation of absolute answers; for postmodernists nothing could ever be easily or fully explained. As postmodernist ideals began to develop and conglomerate they were influenced by countless individuals. One extremely influential individual was Linda Hutchison. Hutchison, who wrote several postmodernist works like A Theory of Parody, expressed a great deal of interest in self-reflexive approaches to texts through parodies that both legitimate and subvert that which it parodies (Introductory Guide to Critical Theory). Hutchison also coined the term historiographer metrification, which describes literary texts that assert an interpretation of the past but are also intensely self- flexi; these texts allow a double process of installing and ironing, parody signals how present representations come from past ones and what ideological consequences derive from both continuity and difference (Introductory Guide to Critical Theory). With historiographer metrification, writers can speak constructively about that past in a way that acknowledges the falsity and violence of the past without isolating the present. Many other writers, artists, composers, and directors have had a significant impact on the evolution of postmodernism as well. Key incepts of postmodernism have also developed and evolved through the influence of society and individuals. For example the term kitsch or stratification, which can be defined as the reduction of aesthetic objects or ideas into easily marketable forms, has a more widely accepted definition adopted by famous postmodern philosopher Jean Baudelaire: The kitsch object is commonly understood as one of that great army of trashy objects, made of plaster of Paris [stuck] or some such imitation material: that gallery of cheap Junk”accessories, folksy knickknacks, souvenirs, emphases or fake African masks”which proliferate everywhere, with a preference for holiday resorts and places of leisure (Consumer Society 109-10). Jean Baudelaire also offered a definition for simulacrum, defining it as Simulation is no longer that of a territory, a referential being, or a substance. It is the generation by models of a real without origin or reality: a hyperbole. It is no longer a question of imitation, nor duplication, nor even parody. It is a question of substituting the signs of the real for the real (The Precession of Simulacra 1-2). Postmodernism, like any literary movement, was molded and defined by society and intellectuals involved in its progression. The profound impact postmodernism had on Kurt Evensongs Slaughterhouse 5, through its use of frame-breaking, criticism of worldly concepts like time and war, exploration or reality and truth, simulacrum, and rejection of reality, satire, allowed for the novel to express its ultimate renunciation of an absolute truth in exchange for intricate and indefinable answers. In addition, it was able to express key concepts of post modernism through its use of postmodern iterate devices; many of these concepts included a search for a higher purpose, a renunciation of social structuring, and a rejection of reality. By expressing these concepts, Opponent follows the postmodernist ideals of historiographer metrification, and questioning the absurdity of contemporary life and conventional viewpoints of society. Frame-breaking, the linkage of separate subplots in a novel to unify the intricacies of an entire plot, contributed to the postmodernist impact on the novel by individuality. Frame-breaking takes place in the novel through the employment of Opponent as three characters of differing importance: the narrator, the protagonist, and a supporting character. Through frame-breaking, Opponent demonstrates that even the recount of a war experience does not hold a simple plot; it consists of a web of intermingled plots, ideas, characters, events, and concepts; this adheres to the postmodernist principle of blurred lines of interpretation and absolute truth. In addition, frame-breaking allows for a loss of identity. The loss of identity occurs when Opponent represents an omniscient force narrating the story as he simultaneously lays protagonist Billy Pilgrim, and a seemingly inconsequential supporting character. Opponent as an omniscient force demonstrates the renunciation of religion in postmodernist ideals; Opponent plays god, yet he is as trivial as any other human being. Furthermore, by telling his own story in the perspective of Billy Pilgrim this demonstrates how war results in a loss of identity, or the adoption of an alias. Rather than personalizing the story in a first person perspective, Opponent distances himself from the horrors of his past. Finally, by including himself as a prison mate in Billy Pilgrims story, this demonstrates how in postmodernism, all identities consolidate; the man that represented god and the protagonist is nevertheless a supporting character in the larger plot of the story. By disparaging his ultimate role in the novel, Opponent demonstrates that people are all essentially equal in life and in death- thus a loss of individualism. Through the use of simulacrum, which involves replacing reality with a representation, Opponent is able to criticize worldly concepts like time and war. For instance, by using the simulacrum of Transformable for Earth, e criticizes the necessity of war. Transformable represents a conglomeration of ideals he believes are optimal in achieving peace. However, instead of directly stating those concepts, Opponent employs a narrative and symbolism; this allows for a rejection of reality while criticizing war. Time is also criticized through a simulacrum of time traveling. Through time traveling the distinctness of years is blurred and time loses meaning as it is muddled together. This criticism of time is a unique postmodernist concept that is closely related to the criticism of social structuring. As postmodernist writer, Opponent denounces the traditional concept of time and replaces it with a web of linked yet intricate events. Simulacrum is also used in the plot of Billy Pilgrims Journey; rather than telling the story in the first person perspective, Opponent ostracizes himself thus criticizing the worldly concept of individualism and identity. Contrastingly, he links all frames of the story in the end of the novel to demonstrate that personal identity is futile when people are all equal in life and in death. In addition the concept of death is abandoned as Opponent accepts omelet equality of the human identity. By employing a plot dedicated to the exploration of reality and truth, Opponent demonstrates that the world according to postmodernists is full of blurred lines, undefined edges, and complex networks of relationships. Not only does the novel in its entirety consist of three convoluted interwoven subplots made up of smaller subplots, but it contains episodes of irrationality and science-fiction. This mixture of reality and science fiction represents a renunciation of reality for a combination of philosophy and fantasy; further mistreating that reality does not exist in a state of definable truth, but in limbo higher purpose is an impossibly multifaceted path that nevertheless ends the same as all others do: everything is connected and personal identity is trivial. The Hours, written by Michael Cunningham and directed by Stephen Deadly, has been manifestly impacted by postmodernism through its use of fragmenting, stratification , satire, and renunciation of worldly concepts like death to express postmodern ideals like a loss of identity or interconnection of all things. Through expressing these ideals, Cunningham was able to reject typical social and literary construct and ultimately convey that answers are not simple or absolute. Frame- breaking is employed in the hours through the eventual amassing of all three subplots within the novel to demonstrate the interconnectedness of all human identities. The novel is formatted in three separate spheres to demonstrate how as humans search their lives for purpose, they are unable to see how individualism and identity are inane. The three plots are eventually connected through death- another worldly concept denounced by postmodernists. Through death, the characters become linked to one another and the reader becomes aware of their unity; this demonstrates how death provides enlightenment and is not solely the end of a life. Additionally, frame-breaking allows the criticism of the concept of time. All three subplots take place in completely different eras, yet they have profound impact on one another despite this detriment; this demonstrates that time is merely a concept, rather than an obstacle, and cannot overcome the unity of humanity identity. Stratification and loss of identity are expressed through a variety of literary devices n The Hours to demonstrate that superficiality and identity are ultimately trivial in life. Stratification most chiefly occurs in the novel and film when the concept of love is reduced to a party and flowers; this becomes a criticism of superficiality upon the death of Richard when the party goes to waste. It signifies that the superficial form of love was powerless and inconsequential to Richards death and that death encompasses all. In addition, both Richard and Virgins death represents a loss of identity in that his life and accomplishment were evidently meaningless to them. In he end, they chose the namelessness of death as their path rather than a quest for a higher purpose or discovery of self-identity. Their deaths are a demonstration of the interconnectedness of life in that both writers commit suicide, creating a full circle to the complex web of relationships. Postmodernism, contradicts itself in its essence. Yet its use of paradoxes, satire, criticisms of the conventional, and quest for answers have had a profound impact on the development of literature, art, and society. While postmodernism will be phase in the history of writing, it will not cease to remind rites to question the norm, look past what is conventional, and defy typical form and construction.

Emirates Airline Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emirates Airline - Research Paper Example However, no matter how strong an organization is, it must continually scan the external environment for various threats and opportunities that can highly affect the business for the coming years. In a SWOT analysis, opportunities are defined as external factors that can increase the profitability of a business. In the case of Emirates Air it can mean arrival of new technologies, unfulfilled customer need, loosening of regulations or socio-cultural change. One great opportunity for Emirates is to expand its services to regions such as other places in Africa. After expanding in Tanzania, it has captured the market because of its strength in customer service. This opens many opportunities to create more destinations in Africa. Another opportunity for Emirates Air is to strengthen its cargo services which can provide the company additional income. Since it was voted as â€Å"Best Air Cargo Carrier â€Å" at the 2010 IFW Awards, this presents an opportunity to create more business for the company to provide a total package for its clientele. Having a more efficient process could mean competitive pricing which is again one great opportunity for the carrier. Another great opportunity that Emirates Air is currently exploring is its active participation in the campaign for aviation liberalization. Liberalization of additional air traffic routes â€Å"could increase traffic by 63%. This could create 24.1 million additional jobs and generate an additional US$490 billion  Ã¢â‚¬Å"which is why Emirates Air is exploring this opportunity. Lastly, a very good opportunity that Emirates Air has started tapping is the use of green energy. Green energy has already slashed the cost of fuel prices and better green fuel alternatives coming up in the future would highly benefit this company since it had already constructed a carbon neutral warehouse (p.11, 2009-2010 Annual Report).In conclusion, there are many avenues of

Marketing foundations & Applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing foundations & Applications - Essay Example Product development often becomes impossible and critised because of the following reasons: shortage of important ideas in certain areas; fragmented markets; social and governmental constraints; cost of development; capital shortages; faster required development time; and shorter life cycle. New product development often entails modifying an existing product or creating totally different offerings to satisfy a current need. In these product developments, business organizations may encounter hardships in identifying features which adds value to the customer. There are cases when current products cannot be enhanced because of shortage of ideas that can improve the offering. A good example of detergent soaps. Companies may be hindered in developing new detergent products which can boost the satisfaction of customer in this particular product. Next, product development can be unlikely because the business organization is operating in a fragmented market which implies that they need to aim their new products at smaller market segments thereby generating only meager profits and revenues. When developing new products, companies should take into account all of its current market and not just a segment of it. If not, the new product developed will completely change the positioning of the business organization in the industry and may also discourage their current customers in purchasing the new product. With the increasing clamor for being socially responsible, companies are often under the scrutiny and regulations of social organizations and the government. New product development can be critised because of the hazard that these products can bring to the consuming public. An example of this is the growing concern for obesity in the global arena which forces business organizations to modify their products and add only those which have more health

The relevance of Training and Development’s strategic Essay Example for Free

The relevance of Training and Development’s strategic Essay Introduction One of the most important ingredients for consistently high performing entities is the presence of an excellent human resource management (HRM) system. A board level Human Resource strategy backs the development of the HRM systems in any organization. A good HRM policy helps address the issues of the employees by communicating work, establishing channels for employee views, cater to their needs of self-respect, in turn motivating them, and ensure the provision of mechanisms that help in intellectual / skills advancement. Where HRM constitutes a disjointed and a discriminatory activity or where quality people to manage these systems are not available, it is likely that HRM may fail to deliver according its true potential. Human resources date back to the early agro based-civilizations. The present day human resource notion emerged at the start of the 20th century. While Taylor argued for maximum efficiency disregarding the social element involved, the human relations movement was set up by a group of psychologists and people specialists in 1920. Originating from the USA, this forum negated the Taylor’s theory, which viewed workers as a commodity that lacked psychological needs. (Craig, 1987) The rise of this forum was gradual and steady throughout the last century. There ideas were based on empirical evidence that key ingredients in the success of business entities were human resources, which if led effectively could result in a united force. However, the efficiency focus of Taylor never lost ground and the 1960’s saw a number of highly numerically based methodologies trying to negate the human resource concept. However, human resources are globally recognized as an essential element within an organization. What is Human Resource? In the modern era, entities use the words â€Å"human resources† to highlight the clerical support activities of the personnel section mixed with coherent tasks including futuristic planning, setting targets, monitoring and control and worker relationship management. The terminology has its roots in Industrial/Organizational Psychology. (Richard and Elwood 2001) What is a human resource depends on the perspective in which we speak about it. While classical economics classes it as a factors of production, modern day usage refers to the workers in the entity in general and in particular the specific set of people who deal with workers, from joining to leaving. In very broad terms, human resources prioritize the achievement of the highest return from funds spent on the workers while at the same time reduce any adverse circumstances that may harm the entity in monetary terms. Ethics, professional conduct and sustainability of the two are paramount for human resource managers. Human resource management involves the following activities: Long term planning with regard to hiring of human capital. The recruitment process Enrollment Procedures Instruction and skills improvement. Assessing achievements. Career advancement Dealing with labor turnover and resultant issues. Worker Relationship Management Worker Data Management. Remuneration and other matters related to monetary aspects. Counseling and/or consultancy to aid workers in overcoming problems at work. Human Resource Development Employers don’t want to hire workers that do not suit the criteria for the job. Thus, it is essential that human resource managers are able to match the expectations of the entity with the relevant applicant. Worker hiring is dependent on both interior and exterior reasons. While the exterior portion deals with the environment in which the entity operates and considers macroeconomic issues and thus lacks control over them, the interior portion deals with controllable mechanisms like the culture and/or the hierarchy of the entity itself. The combination of instruction, structural and intellectual advancement endeavors is called Human Resource Development (HRD). The idea is to raise efficiency at every level of the entity. HRD uses organized study mechanisms that aid in the creation of required skills and tools that help workers to carry out their tasks effectively. Another important mechanism utilized is teams that help introduce and supervise new techniques and structures. Usually, HRD activities comprise monitoring of career advancement, instruction, training in the field of sales, marketing and client relationships to ensure good code of conduct and professional behavior, providing support to freshly hired workers through a basic organization 101 course of study and creating awareness amongst employees with regard to health and safety hazards. Strategic Human Resource Management Strategy is long term planning and thus strategic human resource management refers to the future aspirations and plans of the firm with regard to human capital. It takes a macro economic view of the firm’s objectives and the required human capital to help them achieve them, paying specific regard to the values, norms and culture of the firm itself. SHRM includes all those efforts on behalf of the management that employ a course of action for the gradual recruitment and continued professional development of human capital and the use psychology to align worker interests with strategic objectives. (James, 2005) However, sadly the distinction between human resource management and human resource development is not so clear cut. While the argument is that management and development of human resources are two distinct activities and should be kept separate, with HRD being outsourced, many organizations today have human resource departments that deal with the administrative traditional functions as well as attending to continued professional development. Integration of HRD into the HRM Programs Strategic planning is concerned with attaining and sustaining a long standing competitive lead on the competitors of the firm. HRD is an important tool in this respect as it helps in the creation and nourishment of the required skills that help in the achievement of strategic objectives. HRD may be described as bringing out the best out of every worker through systematic instruction and continued professional development and thus creating synergies at every level of the entity strata. Through the years, HRD has been known to target training and instruction, structural education and career advancement. While these are essential ingredients to success as far as human resource management goes, other tools are also equally necessary. In the modern business environment, a well rounded set of professional techniques are necessary for effective HRM. However, HRD instruction and professional development play an important role towards the achievement of the entitys strategic vision. Training and Development At all levels of human resource management and development, the importance of training and development cannot be ruled out. Specialists educated in the field of training and developments are necessary to carry out programs dealing with instructions and professional development for workers. (Beeby and Rathborn, 1983) The attitude of management towards training has been changing over the years. Today training is viewed as an important and effective mechanism which helps in raising the quality of the workforce and brings economies in the use of skills. This helps in the achievement of the entitys strategic objectives. Training is seen as a service to the worker. However, since it reaps benefits for the entity itself, its importance as a strategic tool cannot be discarded. The development of a business or a commercial organization is related to the training and development (T D). The design and the outcome of the trainings performed at an institution amends and meliorates the performance of the company. After hiring of employees at an organization, the next prominent and presumptive step is the training and development of the team to polish their skills and break the ice among them to co-ordinate. It is axiomatic that some of the new hired employees are not going to be experienced with the work so they would need extraordinary training to bring their guts out so, they can act and work efficiently   in the new environment. Numerous organizations held contrary trainings and development programs according to their forthcoming resources and necessities. On the opposite side the most important fact is that the training and development programs helps to forefend the managerial obsolescence. Organizational troubles either macro or micro can be solved by these trainings. These programs play a vital role in bringing off the changes in organizational structure caused by merges, amalgamations, enormous growth, imbibing and off shoring. Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits Being viable is the solution to keep going. Training and developing the employees, keeping them motivated to propel and advance further and updated with the industry and the upcoming and present technologies is essential to achieve the plans and goals. Training is any activity where expertise and amateurism is brought together and spheres of skills and expertise flow from the expert to the untrained workers. On the other hand, a multi pronged strategy for pushing the overall level of the entitys performance to another level or milestone is referred to as development. Typical Reasons for Employee Training and Development Usually, entities engage in training and development in order to bridge the gap between actual work and expectations as identified by performance appraisals. Other reasons may include developing an internal benchmark for desired performance levels, continued professional development, to mitigate succession risk, to serve as a tool for testing performance management or to provide valuable operating instructions with regard to a business activity.    Typical Topics of Employee Training Usually, employees require training with respect to certain key areas. These include Communications (to overcome linguistic barriers), Computer skills (for effectively managing office tasks, Customer service ( to help employees understand the needs of the client and figure out ways to solve them), Diversity ( to encourage the acceptance of varying ideas and/or values), Ethics ( to ensure the highest possible code of conduct) Human relations ( to encourage a better perspective with regard to coping with work pressures), Quality initiatives ( To provide guidance on ideal standards for products, processes and procedures), Safety ( to guide on the measures to be taken to help prevent work and product hazards) and Sexual harassment (to ensure responsive, modest behavior). (Beeby and Rathborn, 1983) General Benefits from Employee Training and Development    Benefits of training are numerous. Various sources (as cited at the end of this paper) provide diverse views as to the advantages workers derive from this activity. From the organizations perspective, employees find greater job satisfaction, higher motivation, higher acceptability of change and creativity. This would result in mitigating reputation risk, result in monetary gains for the firm as a result of higher efficiency and present a better image of the entity for the outside world.    Role of Training and Development in SHRM    The entity needs to mold its core business activities with its expectations from human capital and thus bring about an integrated plan of its training requirements. Delegation and empowerment at lower levels is one way to achieve an overall increase in performance levels. Thus, a highly qualified and empowered unit of individuals catering to the training needs of the whole entity is a must for SHRM. The HRM department caters to three levels of strata and / or spheres; the ordinary worker, the entity and the career. While the focus on workers is to lend an ear, hear their problems and at the same time advise/aid them in overcoming their problems, entity level activities include aligning human capital with overall business strategies in order to achieve an overall improvement in the bottom line. The tool employed here is mainly a mechanism which helps in the acceptance of change due to interior and exterior environmental changes. Career development is a matching strategy which helps in delegating that work to the workers that best utilizes their true potential. The HR department also caters to training and development. Analyzing and highlighting areas for improvement and coming up with appropriate structured training programs for eradicating these shortcomings is an important role that HR plays in the entity. Orientation and education programs are examples of the types of training mechanisms that might be employed by HR. Gubman writes After getting the right talent into the organization, the second traditional challenge to human resources is to align the workforce with the business—to constantly build the capacity of the workforce to execute the business plan.(Gubman, 1996) Expanding on his statement, a rigorous system of monitoring, assessing and control procedures help in the formulation of effective strategies to harmonize human capital with overall corporate strategy. Another step would be the use of monetary aspects to align personal interests with overall corporate objectives. Overall, this would helps in achieving set objectives while at the same time reducing the risk and the cost of non compliance with ethical and legal standards. With authority flows responsibility and the HR department is accountable if it fails to deliver quality structured mechanisms for training, like educational programs. The responsibility is not just to deliver but also to effectively execute these programs. Understanding the inherent intellectual abilities of the workforce and the suitability of a particular training program for the entity are essential knowledge for the HRM professional. â€Å"The quality of employees and their development through training and education are major factors in determining long-term profitability of a small business†¦. Research has shown specific benefits that a small business receives from training and developing its workers, including: increased productivity; reduced employee turnover; increased efficiency resulting in financial gains; [and] decreased need for supervision. say Roberts, Seldon, and Roberts in their book titled human Resources Management. (Robert et al, 1996) Businesses provide training to workers in different spheres of business activity. These include policy assurance, relationship management with stake holders and effective management.   Training is either on-the-job or off-the-job. Where workers are required to learn through experience in real life situations, the training is said to be on-the-job. Within on-the-job training there are a variety of tools at the disposal of the training manager. These include instruction, coaching and job rotation. The use of artificial work situations and focus on theoretical aspects is referred to as Off-the-job training. Classroom lectures, artificial scenarios involving experiments, testing and role play are examples of off-the-job training methods. The advantage thus follow as a result of higher productivity, cost savings due to lower monitoring requirements, mitigate the risk of occupational hazards and contributes to overall tranquility in the work place. As career advancement takes place gradually, entities should also develop mechanisms to help mitigate the risk of running out of effective and experienced managers by constantly focusing on management development procedures. These procedures are a set of integrated processes that help in the nourishment of managerial skills in the workers of today. This technique is itself divided into two branches; on-the-job development, and off-the-job development. Coaching, job rotation, under study assignments and multiple management are examples of on the job development procedures. On the other hand, the use of artificial scenarios, theoretical training through conferences, seminars and lectures are the examples of off-the-job development procedures. Note that these programs are dynamic and their effectiveness would be reviewed constantly to ensure the best possible output. Career development, monitoring and control of performance, remuneration and training are by far the key areas for any HR department. However, unfortunately, career development is not given due importance. This is because it is seen in individualistic terms, thus failing to recognize that by focusing on this area, firms can ensure a readily available set of quality skills while at the same time tend to the self actualization needs of the employee.   Arguments also tend to explain the relationship of career development with the establishment of worker networks outside the formalities of the corporate world and thus ensure out reach to potential resources via these informal channels (Edstrà ¶m Galbraith, 1977). Active team exercises are an example of HRD being aligned with SHRM. Through the use of this method of training, firms can develop their staff to actively cope with, understand and solve problems that result from being part of a community. Moreover, with the advent of technology, HRD professionals today have access to more innovative tools for dynamic training and development of employees; these include, for instance, the â€Å"color blind† game. It is an exercise that presents a particular problem and helps highlight the barriers which exist in simulated/virtual team structures with respect to communication and consensus. (Mager, 2005.) Other such processes and experiments are also available to highlight potential problems in the group dynamics of the corporate entities. Thus, paying higher attention to these problems by actively applying a wide variety of tools could help in the removal of barriers to business success, improve the bottom line and at the same time tend to the self actualization needs of the employees. Moreover, a coherent strategy in this regard would contribute to overall objectives. Transfer of Training Transfer of training is a phenomenon of persistent application of the learned behavior by the trainees in the training process to their job. This learned behavior comprises of knowledge, skills, cognitive and creative strategies. The generalization of training and the maintenance of learned skills form an important component of transfer of training. Generalization is the trainee’s potential to utilize all the skills and knowledge (verbal knowledge and motor skills) on the work related problems and situations which are somewhat similar but not completely identical to the problems and situations encountered during training. Maintenance of the learned skills is to incessantly bring into play all the newly acquired capabilities. There are several factors contributing in the whole process such as training design, trainee characteristics and work environment. Training design, as the name suggests refers to the physical characteristics of the learning environment as well as the sources utilized to train the trainee. Another ingredient, which along with training design, influences learning trainee characteristics i.e. the attitude of the training participants. Last but not the least; work environment plays a highly crucial role in determining the learning, retention and transfer of training. The execution of whatever the trainee has grasped during his training depends largely on the manager’s support, peer support, technology support and the conducive climate for transfer of training. (Carolyn, 2003) Several aspects have been recognized that manipulate the degree to which understanding gained from the training program transfers to the work. These includes factors such as, the environment at work; the qualities of the learner, etc. It has been seen that an important factor manipulating the transfer process is the degree to which the learner is given the chance of practice and provided with productive opinions from the trainer. Training on One-to-one basis can endow the trainee with this opportunity. Monitoring the employees once they get back to the work can smooth the progress of the transfer of training, particularly if the training promotes the progress and use of comprehension passed on during coaching. For transferring the training, the element of self management should also be taken into account since the trainee can be confronted with various obstacles in the work place which can thus impede the process of transfer. Other than the trainee’s ability, some outside forces also come into place. These forces may include disobliging the management and peers, time pressure, curtailment and cost cutting prevalent in many companies. These impediments make pose negative effects on the transfer weight of learned capabilities. Thus not only the learner’s own positive attitude but also the management cooperation is greatly demanded. With the ever increasing global competition, organizations are giving considerable importance to training and transfer of training. Many companies are now recognizing the value of human, social and structural knowledge in order to bring the maximum out of trainees. (Mary, 2005) Conclusion Humans are different from projects, financial matters and business activities, and thus human resource management has a unique role in the management of human capital and its needs for training and development. Human capital forms the back bone of any organization and thus the importance of a separate dedicated function to manage them is not deniable. Failure to effectively manage human capital is an indication of corporate failure itself and must be predicted, verified and rectified. There are essentially three types of resources: Physical – machinery and stock Financial – Monetary resources in any form Human – Capital to convert the other resources into profitable assets. It is essential to have a coherent and proactive human resource development function in any organizations as they help you fulfill the provision of a healthy, vibrant, ethical and intellectual human capital which uses the other resources available in the best possible manner and thus helps in the achievement of corporate objectives and goals. Human resource development needs to be part of the overall corporate strategy (SHRM) as the long term growth prospects of any company are dependent upon the quality of its labor, which can be greatly enhanced through the use of training and development. References Gubman, L. Edward.1996. The Gauntlet is down. Journal of Business Strategy.17 (6). 33-36 Roberts, G, Gary, S, and Carlotta, R. 1996. Human Resources Management. Washington, D.C.: Small Business Administration Edstrà ¶m, A. Galbraith, J. R. 1977. ‘Transfer of Managers as a Coordination and Control Strategy in Multinational Organizations’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 248-263. Beeby, J.M., and Rathborn, S. 1983. Development Training Using the Outdoors in Management Development Management Education and Development 14 3, 170-181. Craig, Robert L. 1987. A Guide to Human Resource Development, 3rd Ed. New York, New York. McGraw-Hill. OConnor, J Seymour, J. 1994. Training with NLP: Skills for Managers, Trainers, and Communicators. London, England: Thorsons. Mager, Robert. 2005. HRD Training and Development. New York: Jaico Publishing. House. Laird, Dugan. 2003. Approaches to Training and Development (3rd Edition). Irvine, CA: Perseus Publishing  . Wilson, John P. 2005. Human Resource Development: Learning and Training for Individuals and Organizations. Chicago, IL: Kogan Page. Kirkpatrick, D. 1983. A Practical Guide for Supervisory Training and Development (2nd ed.) Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Gilley, J.W. Eggland, S.A. 1989 Principles of Human Resource Development. Addison-Wesley, NY. Johansen, K., Kusy, M., Jr., Rouda, R. 1996. The Business Focus of HRD Leaders: a picture of current practice. Minneapolis: Academy of Human Resource Development. Richard S.A. and Elwood H.F. III. 2001. Foundations of Human Resource Development. New York: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Laurie, B and Darlene, R. 1997. What Works: Training and Development Practices. Washington, DC: American Society for Training Development Neal, C and Carnie Ives, L. 1982. Up the HRD Ladder: A Guide to Professional Growth. New York: Addison-Wesley Pub. Ronald R. S. 1998. Reinventing Training and Development. Westport, CT: Quorum Books. Jon M.W. and Randy L.D. 2005. Human Resource Development. United States: South-Western College Pub Richard A.S. and Elwood F.H III. 2001. Foundations of Human Resource Development. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Juani, S., Clare, M., Steve, B., and Alan, P. 2005. Human Resource Development: Strategy and tactics. Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. James, G. 2005. Strategic Human Resource Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Ltd Carolyn, N. 2003. How to Manage Training: A Guide to Design and Delivery for High Performance. Miami, FL: AMACOM. Mary, B.L. 2005. Beyond Transfer Of Training: Engaging Systems To Improve Performance. Houston, TX. Addison-Wesley.

The House on Mango Street :: House Mango Street

The House on Mango Street At the novel's end, Esperanza declares that she is too strong for Mango Street to keep her forever. What is the nature of her strength? How does Cisneros establish this characteristic elsewhere in the book? Esperanza feels she is too strong to live on Mango Street. She feels her life would be better if she lived somewhere else. She wants to leave Mango Street so that she can find herself. Esperanza knows that she is not like the others on Mango Street, and she wants to move to a place "with trees around it, a big yard and grass growing without a fence" (page 4). To leave, she must have strength. Where will she get it? I believe her strength comes from within. Esperanza builds her strength off the mishaps that occur while living on Mango Street. In the vignettes, Esperanza describes some very interesting things that take place on Mango Street. She recalls a time when Sally befriended her and told Esperanza to leave her alone with the boys. Esperanza felt out of place and was very uncomfortable and very ashamed to be in that situation. She wanted more from life than that, so she left the scene. There was another time when Esperanza wanted to eat lunch in the canteen at school. She was not allowed to eat at school, because she lived close enough to walk home for lunch. But, Esperanza wanted to feel special like the other kids, so she convinced her mother to write a note to the nun in charge giving her permission to eat in the school canteen. The mother wrote the note, but the nun was not convinced. So, she made Esperanza go to the window and point to her house. She was too ashamed to point to the old-run-down home where she lived. This was one of her most embarrassing moments. Not to be outdone, Esperanza said, "I knew then I had to have a house. A real house. One I could point to" (page5). In "Four Skinny Trees," Esperanza compares herself to the four skinny trees outside her house. Like the trees, she too, has not found her place in the world.

Domestic security Essay

Team Global says, â€Å"As an organization, the Canadian Forces (CF) is the only agency capable of providing the specific assets and professional knowledge to combat today’s threats to domestic security. The CF is the only organization that possesses the corporate knowledge to undertake a task of such magnitude†. However, throughout the essay Team Global contradicts this point of view by stating the CF effectiveness could be augmented to play a more active role in domestic security operation. Another contradiction is presented by stating, â€Å"in order to facilitate these changes, several intergovernmental and interdepartmental relationships need to be developed and maintained in conjunction with civilian authorities, other governments and other departments of the CF. † Finally, the author says the CF has â€Å"unique assets and the government can not afford to overlook them when considering domestic security issues. â€Å" Throughout the essay, the author reveals a series of contradictions leaving the reader with questions regarding domestic security – whose responsibility is it? Team Global makes reference to the CF having a primary obligation to protect the country and its citizens while defending and securing Canada. In comparison with the civilian government organization, how different are these domestic security responsibilities? The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) â€Å"is committed to providing a smarter, more secure and efficient border. To achieve this goal,† they add, â€Å"the CBSA relies on technology, information sharing, risk analysis and biometrics,† (Safety and Security). National Security requires an integrated approach to ensure early detection and prevention of any potential threats to Canada and the public. Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), and provincial and municipal police services, The RCMP has refocused its National Security Investigations Sections (NSIS) to become Integrated National Security Enforcement Teams (INSETs). The author states that since September 11, 2001, a government analysis of terrorist threats show the only agency capable of both deterrence and prevention is the CF. The CF, being the only agency funds, would be directed exclusively to this organization. However, Ottawa advanced an initial investment of $7. 7 billion to support a comprehensive, multi-year, multi-department federal strategy to strengthen public safety and security by 2006 – providing a contradicting reflection of funds, (Louis Osemwegie). Furthermore, the essay leans towards tradition with reference to past civilian security responsibilities. Team Global states, â€Å"traditionally, surveillance and control of the Canadian territory, airspace and marine area, lies with civilian agencies such as the Department of Transport† The threat of terrorism regarding domestic security in Canada traditionally existed after 9/11. When the author speaks of tradition and new government analysis, it misleads the actual role these organizations have played and continue to be involved with Canadian domestic security issues. An article by the Canadian Council of Chief Executives relay that after Sept 11 attacks, the Canadian government developed the concept of Reinventing Borders. The Council explains, â€Å"in order to achieve what the Canadian government has described as a border is something that is open for business but closed to terrorism†. This indicates to the reader that it is clear that government civilian organization remain a component of Canadian domestic security in reference to smart border declaration and accord. Next confusion is further focused with regards to sole responsibility of domestic security when discussing legislation, policies, constitution and the National Defence Act (NDA). Rules and regulation are implemented to guide, direct and set limitation with restrictions to maintain a certain order within society and the organization acting within. The Canadian Forces is being pointed out by the author as the sole organization capable of handling the task and responsibilities of Canadian domestic security. It is fair to question then, why do the policies, legislation, NDA and Canadian Constitution Act 1867 outline rules with respect to civil power? They reinforce a joint effort to exist between CF and civilian organizations. Again the author says, â€Å"the protection of the Canadian coastline is defined through Defence policies, which encourage Maritime elements to increase surveillance of Canadian water and approaches in the cooperation with the Canadian Coast Guard, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and the United States Coast Guard†. Again, a contradiction is made by the author who now reflects a combined effort as an effective means. Finally, Team Global states, â€Å"due to the CF’s unique operational experience and assets, they are solely capable of providing both the corporate knowledge and skills required to provide sound domestic security. † With regards to the assets, team global explain that the Canadian Navy with its Frigates and Victoria class submarines are unique to domestic security capabilities. Louis ? fe ? semwegie states, â€Å"in the Maritimes, it means acquiring patrol vessels to augment the Navy with added capabilities to enable interoperability with USN and US Coast Guard, instead of purchasing an expensive Destroyer or more Victoria class submarines, supposedly, other ‘Cold War’ legacies. † Furthermore, â€Å"submarines are said to be highly effective at sinking ships and other submarines, but they are of little or no use in peacekeeping and peace building operations, or even in conducting coastal patrols to protect fisheries and catch smugglers,† (Staples and Robinson). In conclusion, Team Global’s view and evidence presents a number of contradictions throughout the essay. Which organization best fits the role of Canadian Domestic Security is not clear. Much discussion is forwarded in relation to organizations, i. e. civilian, Canadian Forces and assets accompanying both. The reader is left to make his or her decision of Domestic Security and Canada’s best fit solution. Canada, being a liberal democratic society presents the voice of its citizens as a liberal democratic society. The author has educated the reader of what organizations are involved but is unclear of whom is solely responsible.

The Department of Homeland Security

In September 11, 2001, the United States experienced terrorist attacks which changed the way the country plans and organizes to protect itself from such acts of terrorism. In such efforts, the United States government established the Department of Homeland Security, the objectives of which would be â€Å"to secure borders, synthesize and analyze intelligence on terrorist threats, work with state and local authorities in threat preparedness, protect the public from weapons of mass destruction, help train and equip first responders, and manage emergencies† (Sloan, 2002, p. 20).The Department of Homeland Security thus leads a national effort to protect the country from acts of terrorism and became an important counterterrorism arm of the United States. This paper is an effort to look into the agencies working with the Department of Homeland Security in its efforts in dealing with and mitigating acts of terrorism. These agencies are also herein described as to their primary functi ons and responsibilities so as to have an understanding on how they help in protecting the United States from domestic and foreign terrorism.According to the Department of National Homeland Security, more than 87,000 different government jurisdictions at the federal, state and local level have homeland security responsibilities. However, there are only a lesser number which comprises the major components, government agencies and offices that currently make up and help the department in attaining its counterterrorism goals and objectives.These agencies, as they are herein considered, are of such importance to the counterterrorism measures of the DHS because they belong to the four areas where the department is focusing on to fight and curb terrorism. These four areas concerned are composed of the border and transportation security; the emergency preparedness and responses; the chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear countermeasures; and information analysis. Counterterrorism page_#2 Border and Transportation SecurityThe Department of Homeland Security ensures safe and secure borders and by doing so protects the United States from entry of possible threats to national peace and security, and provides an effective counterterrorism measures against foreign and international terrorists. In that domestic terrorists are equally dangerous as international terrorists, the DHS also employ methods of securing the safety of the United States from terrorists already based in the country. These counterterrorism measures can be done by focusing on the border and transportation security of the nation.The agencies under the Department of Homeland Security that are responsible for curbing terrorism in these areas are: The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) protects the country from current and possible terrorist attacks by ensuring that the country’s transportation system, a vulnerable area of attack by t errorists, is safe and well protected from suicide bombers or those whose tactics are to plant explosives in public transportation systems.The United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) The United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) works in collaboration with the Transportation Security Administration to prevent the entry of international threats to the borders of the United States while ensuring a free movement of people and commerce. Its counterterrorism responsibility is accomplished by guarding the nation’s borders against entry of terrorists and terrorist weapons that can disrupt national peace and security. The United States Coast GuardThe United States Coast Guard protects the country in the same manner that the United States Customs and Border Protection does: it protects the country from current and potential terrorist attacks by guarding the nation’s borders against entry of terrorists and terrorist weapons. Its area of responsibility, however, is specific in that its counterterrorism responsibility Counterterrorism page_#3 is accomplished by protecting the nation in â€Å"the nation’s ports and waterways, along the coast, on international waters, or in any maritime region as required to support national security† (U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006). Emergency Preparedness and Responses In order to fight terrorism, the Department of Homeland Security ensures that the country is equipped and prepared to protect itself from acts and possible threats of terrorism. It also ensures that should acts of terrorism occur, there are sufficient responses so as to mitigate the impacts of terrorism. Thus, the DHS has focus on emergency preparedness and responses. The agencies under the DHS that are responsible for curbing terrorism in these areas are: The Directorate for PreparednessThe Directorate for Preparedness works with state, local, and private sector partners to identify threats, determine vulnerabilitie s, and target resources where risk is greatest and by doing so safeguards the national borders, seaports, bridges and highways, and critical information systems (U. S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006). Its counterterrorism responsibility is accomplished through several of its components among which include the Infrastructure Protection which is responsible in identifying threats to the country’s physical and informational structure.Another equally important and useful component of the Directorate is the Cyber and Telecommunications which is responsible in preventing and mitigating a modern form of terrorism: cyberterrorism. The Cyber and Telecommunications arm of the Directorate for Preparedness protects the country against cyberterrorism by disseminating cyber threat warning information and coming up with the necessary responses to cyber attacks.In cases of cyber attacks, it coordinates with other agencies including the law enforcement and intelligence community so as to capture and convict those who are responsible for the occurrences. It is also helpful in providing information to investigators who are working on electronic crime cases. Counterterrorism page_#4 The Federal Emergency Management (FEMA) Directorate The Federal Emergency Management Directorate declares that it â€Å"prepares the nation for hazards, manages Federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident†.It is also an important counterterrorism agency working with the Department of Homeland Security in that it is responsible for the dissemination of information regarding terrorism including the kinds of acts the US government considers as acts of terrorism and the high risk target areas of terrorist attacks. The FEMA therefore helps protect the country from current and potential terrorist attacks by equipping the citizens with the basic knowledge about acts of terrorism and giving them the necessary know how so as for them to be able to protect themselv es should such attacks occur.This will mitigate the impact of terrorist acts and the number of casualties during such incidents. The function of FEMA is well described in the role it played when the World Trade Center (WTC) was attacked on September 11, 2001. After the attack, FEMA moved immediately into its response mode to help with long-term repair, restoration, and rebuilding of the damaged and lost infrastructure (Howard & Buck, 2002). The Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Countermeasures Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear weapons are among the most dangerous and deadliest that can be possibly employed by terrorists.While there may be vaccines for these weapons, they have too many side effects and it is quite impossible to vaccinate an entire population The best way to protect the people of the United States from these weapons of mass destruction is therefore safeguarding them from it and, on the part of the Department of Homeland Security, to have a f ocus in the areas of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear countermeasures. Thus, several agencies are responsible for safeguarding the nation from these weapons of mass destructions. The agencies responsible in this counterterrorism measure include:Counterterrorism page_#5 The Directorate for Science and Technology The Directorate for Science and Technology is an important arm of the DHS which works to provide the necessary technology and capabilities so as to protect the United States from terrorists attacks. The Directorate for Science and Technology is responsible for protecting the country from terrorist attacks by developing the latest and a highly capable system that can prevent, detect and mitigate the effects of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive attacks.The Directorate is also responsible in building up on the technological capacities of the country so as to be able to anticipate emerging threats, enable preparedness and provide emergency r esponder technologies. It further implements its counterterrorism responsibilities by working on for the detection, mitigation and response to potentially dangerous and explosive device such as bombs and weapons of mass destructions that can be improvised or assembled by terrorists.It is also responsible to developing a system of treating and minimizing the exposure of victims to biological or chemical attacks. The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) is responsible in improving the country’s ability to detect and report unauthorized attempts to import, possess, store, develop, or transport nuclear or radiological material for use against the Nation, and to further enhance this capability over time (U. S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006).The DNDO protects the country from current and potential terrorist attacks by working on transformational research and development programs to improve the country’s ability to detect nucl ear threats. It is also responsible for establishing methods that will ensure timely and effective response actions to detected nuclear threats. Counterterrorism page_#6 Informational Analysis An important aspect in counterterrorism measures is the ability to gather and synthesize information as information is an important tool in determining the appropriate response and counteraction to a threat.An appropriate interpretation of gathered information will not only make counterterrorism measures more effective but can also help save lives and mitigate the impacts of terrorism. Thus, the Department of Homeland Security ensures that it has focus on informational analysis. The agencies that are responsible for curbing terrorism through intelligence gathering and synthesis are: The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the largest investigative branch of the Department of Homeland Security which was created af ter the September 11 attack so as to have a more effective enforcement of immigration and customs law of the United States which form efforts of protecting the country against terrorism. The ICE countermeasures against foreign terrorism involve targeting illegal immigrants: the people, money and materials that support terrorism and other criminal activities (U. S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 2006).The organization implements its counterterrorism measures by investigating on illegal export of US munitions and similar technologies; investigating on employers who employ illegal workers in critical and vulnerable infrastructure worksites like nuclear plants and airports such that employing unauthorized workers at sensitive sites may pose serious homeland security threats; destroying the systems through which criminal organizations move and store their funds; and ensuring the removal of fugitive aliens in the country (U. S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 2006). Counterterr orism page_#7The United States Secret Service The United States Secret Service is responsible for protecting the President and other high-level officials of the country. It is also valuable in fighting against many forms of terrorism such that it investigates on different activities that can be possibly utilized for acts of terrorism. Among its responsibilities are to investigate counterfeiting and other financial crimes, including financial institution fraud, identity theft, computer fraud; and computer-based attacks on the nation’s financial, banking, and telecommunications infrastructure.The responsibilities of the United States Secret Service is to protect the country from threats oftentimes employed by terrorists which include the creation of fear among the public such as when the public experiences computer based attacks or some forms of cyberterrorism; and trying to convince citizens that their government is powerless in preventing terrorist attacks such as what may ha ppen when financial crimes occur. The Office of Operations CoordinationThe Office of Operations Coordination is responsible for providing the necessary monitoring of the security of United States against terrorism by fusing different information from different sources so as to point out possible threats of terrorist attacks. These sources, as the organization refers are the â€Å" intelligence side† responsible for focusing on highly classified intelligence and assessment of information with regards to current threat picture of a specific area; and the â€Å"law enforcement side† responsible for different enforcement activities across the country that may have a terrorist nexus (U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006). Through its National Operations Center, information sharing is coordinated to help deter, detect, and prevent terrorist acts. Counterterrorism page_#8 Conclusion In the effort of United States to protect itself from acts of terrorism such as what hav e occurred in September 2001, it has established a department that will be an important and leading arm in its counterterrorism measures.This department is the Department of the National Homeland Security whose efforts, according to Sloan, are to secure borders, synthesize and analyze intelligence on terrorist threats, work with state and local authorities in threat preparedness, protect the public from weapons of mass destruction, help train and equip first responders, and manage emergencies.While there are more than 87,000 different government jurisdictions at the federal, state and local level that have homeland security responsibilities, there are major components, government agencies and offices that currently make up and help the department in attaining its goals and objectives considered of importance because they belong to the four areas where the department is focusing on to fight and curb terrorism.These four areas are composed of the border and transportation security com prising the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) ,United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP), and the United States Coast Guard; the emergency preparedness and responses comprising the Directorate for Preparedness and the Federal Emergency Management (FEMA) Directorate; the chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear countermeasures comprising the Science and Technology Directorate and the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; and information analysis comprising the United States Secret Service, the Office of Operations Coordination The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). . References Howard, M. M. , & Buck, R. A. (2002). World Trade Center Recovery: A Challenge to Traditional Disaster Management.The Public Manager, 31(1), 47+. Retrieved November 16, 2006, from Questia database: http://questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5000794189 Sloan, S. (2002, October). The Case for a Department of Homeland Security – the Bush Administration and Congress Face the Challenge of Reorganizing the Nation's Security to Fight the War on Terrorism. World and I, 17, 20. Retrieved November 16, 2006, from Questia database: http://questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5002523187 US Department of Homeland Security (2006). â€Å"Department Subcomponents and Agencies†. Retrieved November 16, 2006, from Department of Homeland Security Website: http://www. dhs. gov/xabout/structure/#1 The Department of Homeland Security The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is an agency created to secure and protect the homeland. It is established primarily to protect the people and the country against attacks from terrorists. Since 2001, 22 separate agencies were merged into a one single cohesive unit which makes up the Department of Homeland Security. Although the primary purpose and very reason of DHS existent is securing the homeland, DHS is also in the forefront in providing assistance to people during natural calamities and disasters (Vieira, 2005). The agency also administers and monitors the country’s immigration status and system, thus protecting American people from migrating citizens entering the nation, which are bent on spreading fear and terror.As a result of monitoring the migrating patterns, entry of illegal drugs are prevented as they are stop before crossing American Borders. Thus, by merging the 22 various agencies into single more powerful and cohesive team, coordination and efficiency in performing tasks is achieved. It is no secret that in order to perform such huge missions, unity must be achieve across all government levels all over the nation.With the huge effort and major help the agency has provided and will provide in the near future it is important to understand the plan and strategic actions DHS and the federal government has adapted in protecting our nation. It was a dream come true in creating DHS, since it is a single department built in the primary principle in protecting the people and the nation. The administration has allotted a bigger budget of 11 billion dollars to support state preparedness (Vieira, 2005).The increase in budget will further solidify and strengthen aviation security, border security activities, purchase of necessary medical equipments and would provide an effective mode of managing a new human resource system that will enable hiring of â€Å"cream of the crop† personnel. With larger budget at hand DHS can now secure adva nce equipments and devices manufactured by the advent of technology.For instance, in order to secure the nation’s borders, ports and transportation systems from various criminal elements, an effective method that would screen goods and people is necessary. Use of advance information is also vital in managing the risk of guarding the nation’s borders that stretches across 7500 miles of land. Thus, a program that relies in the use of advance information to identify potential high risk shipments and cargo is being build on.The idea is to prevent cargo and shipments from reaching U.S. territory. Pre-screening of cargo and shipments in 20 main foreign ports around the world provides DHS a major assistance in intercepting dangerous people and goods before reaching shores. The process which focuses on the pre-screening tests is known as the Container Security Initiative. On the other hand, ports are made safer by deploying large number of coast guards and strict implementatio ns of maritime security standards for coastal activities and waterway system.Together with the Transportation Security Administration, DHS provide aid to the field of aviation by making of air craft flight safer. Advance screening devices that keep dangerous weapon off the airplanes are provided by the joint efforts. Field air marshals are also called and deployed to protect passengers. Pilots are also trained as last line of defense.DHS also provide assistance to people during disasters and natural calamities. Chaos is not only brought about by people, terrorist and biological warfare. Bigger destructions are brought by disasters and catastrophic accidents generated by the environment such as hurricane, forest fire, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In order to response to such incident and other terrorist attacks preparedness is important (Baldwin, 2005). Today, DHS is working on it’s readiness to response on those various emergencies. On top of its agenda is to better pr epare and coordinate the Nation’s capabilities to improve speed and efficiency of delivering services to our people.Another major assistance the organization provides to the people is information dissemination. With the creation of DHS, warning systems have become more effective and public warning has been enhanced (Baldwin, 2005). With the improved warning systems, cyber and terrorist threats are easily identified, as a result people are warned in advanced. With threats known, countermeasure and contingency plans can then be generated.With a single agency dedicated in providing security to the American people, works are carried out more efficiently and at faster rate, as information is made centralized and securing of documents, which eat ample amount of time, in order to coordinate with other agency which has jurisdiction in certain case is not necessary. Time is conserved and as a result DHS functions more effectively. The agency then is able to generate necessary counterm easures.Also, by merging the different agencies and forming one immense organization strength and skills are then concentrated and focused much better. Resources are also conserved and man power is utilized more efficiently. Furthermore, confusion into which jurisdiction the different cases will fall not arise, since operations are all sanctioned by the department. Leakage of information can also be controlled, since there is no need for the DHS to inform other agency, thus a more controlled surrounding which is manageable is attained.However, creating a single agency which handles affairs that provides protection to the homeland poses several critical issues. The scope of DHS mission is broad which encompasses terrorist affairs, natural calamities and entry of illegal drugs. With the merging of different agencies to form the DHS, special agencies and units which are created for specific functions are also merged with the homeland department.Although by merging, it has become a part of a new organization, it has also become a regular unit which receives general orders unlike before when they are called for special situations and specialize in performing specific functions. Also, the budget the department needs balloons every year as several agendas are needed to be tended. Since, DHS is the organization which functions and executes actions with all matters related and concerning about security and protection of our people and homeland, the organization requires large financial assistance and grants.After the 2001 attack, the lives and the way our people live had change. For instance, the creation of DHS as a sole organization that would provide security and protection to the people and homeland are actions that are generated by the attacks. In an effort to strengthen intelligence reports and ability to combat and fight terrorists affairs, various agencies have joined hands and merged to prevent incidents that lead to the September 11 attacks.The end result is an agency that promises to protect the people by controlling the borders, provide protection and support to aviation and port security, increase preparedness in emergency response and counter act the affairs of different elements that threatens the peace and security of the people. From the organization’s mission we can infer that they are logically tied together as they all sought for stoppage of criminal and terrorists acts that are detrimental to the nation and the people. They are measures and strategic actions that are carried out in order to safe guard the people and allow them to live their everyday lives free from fear uncertainties.As various elements continue to threaten the nation and its people, DHS will continue to be at the forefront of the war against them. With the advent of new technology and new devices and equipments being invented, preventions and countermeasures to terrorist and criminal attacks are not impossible to achieve. Furthermore that administrati on had greatly supported the organization and had generously provided it with a â€Å"generous† amount for its budget.There is no doubt about the importance of the organization and its value to our citizen. From anticipation and early forecast of warning of threats discovered that the public are about to encounter up to operations and countermeasures and emergency response after attacks and disaster, the department’s unwavering efforts would be evident and as long as there are elements that are trying to cross the American borders, spreading fear and terror to our people, DHS will live to its promise and expectations and provide our people with the much needed services.ReferencesBaldwin, Craig. (2000). Catastrophe Preparation and Prevention for Law Enforcement Professionals New York, NY: McGraw HillVieira, Edwin Jr. (2005). â€Å"Homeland Security† — For What and For Whom? News With Views.